Source code for searx.engines.duckduckgo

# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
# lint: pylint
"""
DuckDuckGo Lite
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
"""

from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
import re
from urllib.parse import urlencode
import json
import babel
import lxml.html

from searx import (
    network,
    locales,
    redislib,
    external_bang,
)
from searx import redisdb
from searx.utils import (
    eval_xpath,
    eval_xpath_getindex,
    extract_text,
)
from searx.enginelib.traits import EngineTraits
from searx.exceptions import SearxEngineAPIException

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    import logging

    logger: logging.Logger

traits: EngineTraits

about = {
    "website": 'https://lite.duckduckgo.com/lite/',
    "wikidata_id": 'Q12805',
    "use_official_api": False,
    "require_api_key": False,
    "results": 'HTML',
}

send_accept_language_header = True
"""DuckDuckGo-Lite tries to guess user's prefered language from the HTTP
``Accept-Language``.  Optional the user can select a region filter (but not a
language).
"""

# engine dependent config
categories = ['general', 'web']
paging = True
time_range_support = True
safesearch = True  # user can't select but the results are filtered

url = 'https://lite.duckduckgo.com/lite/'
# url_ping = 'https://duckduckgo.com/t/sl_l'

time_range_dict = {'day': 'd', 'week': 'w', 'month': 'm', 'year': 'y'}
form_data = {'v': 'l', 'api': 'd.js', 'o': 'json'}


[docs]def cache_vqd(query, value): """Caches a ``vqd`` value from a query. The vqd value depends on the query string and is needed for the follow up pages or the images loaded by a XMLHttpRequest: - DuckDuckGo Web: `https://links.duckduckgo.com/d.js?q=...&vqd=...` - DuckDuckGo Images: `https://duckduckgo.com/i.js??q=...&vqd=...` """ c = redisdb.client() if c: logger.debug("cache vqd value: %s", value) key = 'SearXNG_ddg_vqd' + redislib.secret_hash(query) c.set(key, value, ex=600)
[docs]def get_vqd(query, headers): """Returns the ``vqd`` that fits to the *query*. If there is no ``vqd`` cached (:py:obj:`cache_vqd`) the query is sent to DDG to get a vqd value from the response. """ value = None c = redisdb.client() if c: key = 'SearXNG_ddg_vqd' + redislib.secret_hash(query) value = c.get(key) if value: value = value.decode('utf-8') logger.debug("re-use cached vqd value: %s", value) return value query_url = 'https://duckduckgo.com/?{query}&iar=images'.format(query=urlencode({'q': query})) res = network.get(query_url, headers=headers) content = res.text if content.find('vqd=\'') == -1: raise SearxEngineAPIException('Request failed') value = content[content.find('vqd=\'') + 5 :] value = value[: value.find('\'')] logger.debug("new vqd value: %s", value) cache_vqd(query, value) return value
[docs]def get_ddg_lang(eng_traits: EngineTraits, sxng_locale, default='en_US'): """Get DuckDuckGo's language identifier from SearXNG's locale. DuckDuckGo defines its lanaguages by region codes (see :py:obj:`fetch_traits`). To get region and language of a DDG service use: .. code: python eng_region = traits.get_region(params['searxng_locale'], traits.all_locale) eng_lang = get_ddg_lang(traits, params['searxng_locale']) It might confuse, but the ``l`` value of the cookie is what SearXNG calls the *region*: .. code:: python # !ddi paris :es-AR --> {'ad': 'es_AR', 'ah': 'ar-es', 'l': 'ar-es'} params['cookies']['ad'] = eng_lang params['cookies']['ah'] = eng_region params['cookies']['l'] = eng_region .. hint:: `DDG-lite <https://lite.duckduckgo.com/lite>`__ does not offer a language selection to the user, only a region can be selected by the user (``eng_region`` from the example above). DDG-lite stores the selected region in a cookie:: params['cookies']['kl'] = eng_region # 'ar-es' """ return eng_traits.custom['lang_region'].get(sxng_locale, eng_traits.get_language(sxng_locale, default))
ddg_reg_map = { 'tw-tzh': 'zh_TW', 'hk-tzh': 'zh_HK', 'ct-ca': 'skip', # ct-ca and es-ca both map to ca_ES 'es-ca': 'ca_ES', 'id-en': 'id_ID', 'no-no': 'nb_NO', 'jp-jp': 'ja_JP', 'kr-kr': 'ko_KR', 'xa-ar': 'ar_SA', 'sl-sl': 'sl_SI', 'th-en': 'th_TH', 'vn-en': 'vi_VN', } ddg_lang_map = { # use ar --> ar_EG (Egypt's arabic) "ar_DZ": 'lang_region', "ar_JO": 'lang_region', "ar_SA": 'lang_region', # use bn --> bn_BD 'bn_IN': 'lang_region', # use de --> de_DE 'de_CH': 'lang_region', # use en --> en_US, 'en_AU': 'lang_region', 'en_CA': 'lang_region', 'en_GB': 'lang_region', # Esperanto 'eo_XX': 'eo', # use es --> es_ES, 'es_AR': 'lang_region', 'es_CL': 'lang_region', 'es_CO': 'lang_region', 'es_CR': 'lang_region', 'es_EC': 'lang_region', 'es_MX': 'lang_region', 'es_PE': 'lang_region', 'es_UY': 'lang_region', 'es_VE': 'lang_region', # use fr --> rf_FR 'fr_CA': 'lang_region', 'fr_CH': 'lang_region', 'fr_BE': 'lang_region', # use nl --> nl_NL 'nl_BE': 'lang_region', # use pt --> pt_PT 'pt_BR': 'lang_region', # skip these languages 'od_IN': 'skip', 'io_XX': 'skip', 'tokipona_XX': 'skip', } def request(query, params): # quote ddg bangs query_parts = [] # for val in re.split(r'(\s+)', query): for val in re.split(r'(\s+)', query): if not val.strip(): continue if val.startswith('!') and external_bang.get_node(external_bang.EXTERNAL_BANGS, val[1:]): val = f"'{val}'" query_parts.append(val) query = ' '.join(query_parts) eng_region = traits.get_region(params['searxng_locale'], traits.all_locale) # eng_lang = get_ddg_lang(traits, params['searxng_locale']) params['url'] = url params['method'] = 'POST' params['data']['q'] = query # The API is not documented, so we do some reverse engineering and emulate # what https://lite.duckduckgo.com/lite/ does when you press "next Page" # link again and again .. params['headers']['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' params['headers']['Referer'] = 'https://google.com/' # initial page does not have an offset if params['pageno'] == 2: # second page does have an offset of 30 offset = (params['pageno'] - 1) * 30 params['data']['s'] = offset params['data']['dc'] = offset + 1 elif params['pageno'] > 2: # third and following pages do have an offset of 30 + n*50 offset = 30 + (params['pageno'] - 2) * 50 params['data']['s'] = offset params['data']['dc'] = offset + 1 # request needs a vqd argument params['data']['vqd'] = get_vqd(query, params["headers"]) # initial page does not have additional data in the input form if params['pageno'] > 1: params['data']['o'] = form_data.get('o', 'json') params['data']['api'] = form_data.get('api', 'd.js') params['data']['nextParams'] = form_data.get('nextParams', '') params['data']['v'] = form_data.get('v', 'l') params['data']['kl'] = eng_region params['cookies']['kl'] = eng_region params['data']['df'] = '' if params['time_range'] in time_range_dict: params['data']['df'] = time_range_dict[params['time_range']] params['cookies']['df'] = time_range_dict[params['time_range']] logger.debug("param data: %s", params['data']) logger.debug("param cookies: %s", params['cookies']) return params def response(resp): if resp.status_code == 303: return [] results = [] doc = lxml.html.fromstring(resp.text) result_table = eval_xpath(doc, '//html/body/form/div[@class="filters"]/table') if len(result_table) == 2: # some locales (at least China) does not have a "next page" button and # the layout of the HTML tables is different. result_table = result_table[1] elif not len(result_table) >= 3: # no more results return [] else: result_table = result_table[2] # update form data from response form = eval_xpath(doc, '//html/body/form/div[@class="filters"]/table//input/..') if len(form): form = form[0] form_data['v'] = eval_xpath(form, '//input[@name="v"]/@value')[0] form_data['api'] = eval_xpath(form, '//input[@name="api"]/@value')[0] form_data['o'] = eval_xpath(form, '//input[@name="o"]/@value')[0] logger.debug('form_data: %s', form_data) value = eval_xpath(form, '//input[@name="vqd"]/@value')[0] query = resp.search_params['data']['q'] cache_vqd(query, value) tr_rows = eval_xpath(result_table, './/tr') # In the last <tr> is the form of the 'previous/next page' links tr_rows = tr_rows[:-1] len_tr_rows = len(tr_rows) offset = 0 while len_tr_rows >= offset + 4: # assemble table rows we need to scrap tr_title = tr_rows[offset] tr_content = tr_rows[offset + 1] offset += 4 # ignore sponsored Adds <tr class="result-sponsored"> if tr_content.get('class') == 'result-sponsored': continue a_tag = eval_xpath_getindex(tr_title, './/td//a[@class="result-link"]', 0, None) if a_tag is None: continue td_content = eval_xpath_getindex(tr_content, './/td[@class="result-snippet"]', 0, None) if td_content is None: continue results.append( { 'title': a_tag.text_content(), 'content': extract_text(td_content), 'url': a_tag.get('href'), } ) return results
[docs]def fetch_traits(engine_traits: EngineTraits): """Fetch languages & regions from DuckDuckGo. SearXNG's ``all`` locale maps DuckDuckGo's "Alle regions" (``wt-wt``). DuckDuckGo's language "Browsers prefered language" (``wt_WT``) makes no sense in a SearXNG request since SearXNG's ``all`` will not add a ``Accept-Language`` HTTP header. The value in ``engine_traits.all_locale`` is ``wt-wt`` (the region). Beside regions DuckDuckGo also defines its lanaguages by region codes. By example these are the english languages in DuckDuckGo: - en_US - en_AU - en_CA - en_GB The function :py:obj:`get_ddg_lang` evaluates DuckDuckGo's language from SearXNG's locale. """ # pylint: disable=too-many-branches, too-many-statements # fetch regions engine_traits.all_locale = 'wt-wt' # updated from u588 to u661 / should be updated automatically? resp = network.get('https://duckduckgo.com/util/u661.js') if not resp.ok: print("ERROR: response from DuckDuckGo is not OK.") pos = resp.text.find('regions:{') + 8 js_code = resp.text[pos:] pos = js_code.find('}') + 1 regions = json.loads(js_code[:pos]) for eng_tag, name in regions.items(): if eng_tag == 'wt-wt': engine_traits.all_locale = 'wt-wt' continue region = ddg_reg_map.get(eng_tag) if region == 'skip': continue if not region: eng_territory, eng_lang = eng_tag.split('-') region = eng_lang + '_' + eng_territory.upper() try: sxng_tag = locales.region_tag(babel.Locale.parse(region)) except babel.UnknownLocaleError: print("ERROR: %s (%s) -> %s is unknown by babel" % (name, eng_tag, region)) continue conflict = engine_traits.regions.get(sxng_tag) if conflict: if conflict != eng_tag: print("CONFLICT: babel %s --> %s, %s" % (sxng_tag, conflict, eng_tag)) continue engine_traits.regions[sxng_tag] = eng_tag # fetch languages engine_traits.custom['lang_region'] = {} pos = resp.text.find('languages:{') + 10 js_code = resp.text[pos:] pos = js_code.find('}') + 1 js_code = '{"' + js_code[1:pos].replace(':', '":').replace(',', ',"') languages = json.loads(js_code) for eng_lang, name in languages.items(): if eng_lang == 'wt_WT': continue babel_tag = ddg_lang_map.get(eng_lang, eng_lang) if babel_tag == 'skip': continue try: if babel_tag == 'lang_region': sxng_tag = locales.region_tag(babel.Locale.parse(eng_lang)) engine_traits.custom['lang_region'][sxng_tag] = eng_lang continue sxng_tag = locales.language_tag(babel.Locale.parse(babel_tag)) except babel.UnknownLocaleError: print("ERROR: language %s (%s) is unknown by babel" % (name, eng_lang)) continue conflict = engine_traits.languages.get(sxng_tag) if conflict: if conflict != eng_lang: print("CONFLICT: babel %s --> %s, %s" % (sxng_tag, conflict, eng_lang)) continue engine_traits.languages[sxng_tag] = eng_lang